Generally, people have broad discretion in deciding how to distribute their assets when they die. However, one limitation in New York is that you cannot disinherit your spouse unless your spouse waived the right to inherit in a prenuptial or postnuptial agreement. If you improperly exclude your spouse from your will, he or she can … Read more
When preparing and filing personal income tax returns, it’s common to have deductions that exceed the amount you are allowed to take on the current year’s tax return. In those cases, you may be able to carry over those losses to apply against income earned in future years. But what happens if you die without … Read more
A proper estate plan involves more than just drafting a will. That’s because a will only controls the distribution of what are known as “probate assets.” These are assets that do not have separate beneficiary designations. “Non-probate assets,” which include life insurance, retirement accounts, joint bank accounts, and real property owned “with rights of survivorship,” … Read more
Conflicts between fiduciaries (whether executors or trustees) and beneficiaries are not unusual. For instance, these often occur with trusts of long duration, where the trustee controls a beneficiary’s access to assets which the beneficiary would prefer to have outright. Disputes may also arise among co-executors or co-trustees, especially if they have differing views on how … Read more
Necessity is the mother of invention, and when the COVID-19 pandemic first emerged in March 2020, the new reality of quarantine and social distancing required changes, and in some cases outright suspension, of a variety of laws and regulations. One new rule put in place at the time allowed remote notarization of legal documents in … Read more
In order for a will to be valid, a person must have “testamentary capacity.” This means they must be considered competent under the law and have the requisite mental ability to understand and execute a will. In most wills, this is not an issue because the decedent had no health issues when signing and the … Read more
If a property owner dies with an outstanding mortgage that is in default, the lender will likely seek to foreclose on the property. However, it must take certain steps that vary depending on the type of mortgage, what relief is sought and whether the deceased had a will disposing of the property. The lender must … Read more
A Power of Attorney form authorizes someone to act as “an agent” (known as an “attorney-in-fact”) of the individual granting the power (the “principal”). An act taken by an agent has the same legal effect as if the principal were the one acting. New York law sets forth certain requirements that must be met for … Read more
One ground which can be raised to contest a decedent’s will (or a particular bequest) is that the decedent was subject to “undue influence.” Proving undue influence is difficult. The mere fact that someone was close to the person who died and may have been in a position to exert undue influence is not enough … Read more
IRAs and 401(k) plans are popular investment vehicles because of the tax benefits. Assets deposited into these accounts are only subject to income tax when they are withdrawn. The IRS sets a certain age at which withdrawals must start (currently 72) and provides for annual “required minimum distributions (RMDs).” These RMDs are calculated based on … Read more